Selamat Datang di Blog Ridwan

Minggu, 31 Maret 2013



 CHOCOLATE COOKIES RECIPES


Ingredients
* 150 g butter / butter
* 75 grams of sugar flour
* 1 teaspoon vanilla powder
* 1 egg yolk
* 15 grams of cocoa powder
* 50 gr capucino
* 100 g dark chocolate, melted.
* 25 gr cornstarch
* 200 g cake flour or low

toping
* ½ egg white grains of small size
* 125 gr flour sugar
* 1 tbsp lemon juice
* 25 gr capucino
* 15 g cocoa powder + ½ tsp chocolate pasta

How to make cookies
* Beat the margarine, butter, flour sugar and vanilla until all ingredients are well blended.
* Enter the egg mix.
* Enter the flour mixture gradually, milk, cocoa powder and cornstarch into the batter, stirring with a wooden spoon, until the flour exhausted doing.
* Enter the dark chocolate which has been melted, stir
* Milled ½ cm thick dough, cut into small boxes.
* Bake at 160 degrees until pastry cooked, let cool.

How to make toping
* Mix the egg white and powdered sugar gradually until blended.
* Insert the lemon juice mix well.
* For two dough, mixed with one part capucino instant, one-piece mixed with cocoa powder + chocolate pasta.

completion
Put the ingredients into a plastic toping triangle, cut a small tip. Decorate with white toping the edge of the shape of the cake, fill the empty space with toping part and chocolate, give small fish garnish of colorful sugar ingredients. Bake again 5 minutes with a low temperature. Chill.




10 Steps to Eradicate Corruption
Jakarta Corruption must be eradicated down to the roots. Corruption is an extraordinary crime (extra ordinary crimes), crimes against humanity (crimes against humanity). How eradication must be incredible. Fabulosity that is until now trying to do. The presence of the Corruption Eradication Commission and the Special Court Corruption Act, complete with ad hoc judges of corruption, it was a tremendous effort. The earnings. Repression corruption has touched the former minister and current governor. Recently the former head of the State Logistics Agency (Bulog) arrested on suspicion of corruption. However, the remarkable paradigm is not always consistently applied. There is just an attempt to see corruption with glasses asa usual business. Consistency fabulosity always face the counter-attack. Fights back is manifested in various forms. There was a suggestion to issue a special regulation for the protection of officers, that are not easily dtertuduh corruption; constitutionality of the KPK and the Corruption Court has repeatedly challenged before the Constitutional Court; Last Professor Andi Hamzah, chairman of the Drafting Team Revision corruption laws, has cast the argument to disband the Corruption Court . An argument is corrupt and must be resisted.

At the forefront of efforts fights back the country's top officials is still required consistency. Even a Vice President Jusuf Kalla not infrequently issued a statement inconsistent with his extraordinary efforts to eradicate corruption. Finally, in the case of money transfer account Tommy through the Ministry of Law and Human Rights, which involves Yusril Ihza Mahendra and Hamid Awaluddin, Jusuf Kalla very normative Tommy says this is not a result of corruption. Kalla said, Tommy is a convicted murder justices Syaifuddin Kartasasmita, open convicted of corruption. So the money transferred is legitimate.

Kalla forget that Tommy killed Syaifuddin Kartasasmita because the judges sentenced the prince sandalwood guilty in corruption cases. Kalla also too common, though there is no relation between Yusril Ihza Mahendra with the law firm that helped Ihza & Ihza Tommy the process of transferring money. Thus the connection should not only be seen with normal glasses alone ketidaketisan; yet further is a form of abuse of authority. Moreover Ihza & Ihza, Yusril the law firm - according to investigations Majalag Tempo - receive money services around 7 billion rupees.

Consistency fabulosity corruption must be consistently implemented. Here are 10 steps to eradicate corruption is extraordinary:

First, the President should assert proclamation corruption. Proclamation as a beginning foundation for all anti-corruption movement.

Second, to be a declaration of anti-corruption law suits, the President issued Government Regulation in Lieu of Law (decree) of the Corruption Eradication. The President had been issued a Presidential Instruction to Accelerate the Eradication of Corruption. Presidential legal forms, indicating that corruption is still seen as an ordinary crime. Inadequate fabulosity should be realized only with the clothes Inpres law. Only clothes that fit to decree law insists corruption is an evil that must be eradicated extraordinary ways remarkable too. Reason constitutional decree spending is "compelling urgency". So with the Anti-Corruption Regulation, the message was clear skied in a precarious state, emergency corruption, and therefore not extraordinary efforts may be delayed to begin immediately. Regarding the "crunch that forced" by the decision of the Constitutional Court is the subjectivity of the president to decide which political objectivity rated by Parliament. Hence, Anti-corruption decree issued is valid as the president's policy.

Third, in perpu corruption can be affirmed focus on two reform: the bureaucracy and the judiciary. Reform of the bureaucracy has been done but still very slow. Overhaul the corrupt mindset of the bureaucracy that has been the driving force for decades of corruption will not be easy. However, efforts to combat corruption no justice will ever succeed without reforming bureaucracy in a more accelerated. To that end, the cleaning of high level corruption of the bureaucracy must first be done to become role models for lower level bureaucracy. Similarly, judicial reform. Combating corruption without fighting mob justice is a dream in broad daylight. Corruption can only be dijerakan with effective law enforcement. Effective law enforcement would not happen if law enforcement is still contaminated judicial corruption. So judicial reform must be interpreted to eliminate stigma judicial mafia practices.

Fourth, concentrating on bureaucratic reform and judicial reform is a form of anti-corruption preventive and repressive. Preventive way through reorganizing the bureaucracy, while the repressive methods require that law enforcement agencies have the scientific capacity tidka only qualified, but also intergitas morality intact.

Fifth, for the enforcement of repressive measures, a strategy that should be done is to combine the way quick wins and big fishes. That is in addition to seeking irrefutable evidence (hard evidence), to ensure the end the decision was swift victory; eradication should focus on criminals snapper. Corruption has touched all segments of life. The priority to be done, and corruption by greed should be the priority target, rather than corruption by need.

Sixth, in line with the thinking level corruption in the snapper, the corruption of greed, not just needs. So a weapon of war against corruption should be directed to the Palace, Sandalwood, Guns and Entrepreneurs Dragons. The Palace is one ring of power today; Sandalwood is innermost circle of power of the past; weapon is corruption in the security and defense circles, as well as entrepreneurs dragon is a mega corruption by businessmen.

Seventh, the eradication of corruption in the four regions are untouchable fight corruption at the epicenter of power. This is important because cell cancer of corruption should be cut at the center, not on the branch network of cancer cells.

Eighth, the eradication of corruption should be strengthened its network to all lines, law enforcement officials, academics, students. Network expansion is urgent to deal with the counter-attack (fights back) that continues to become more frequent.

Ninth, all the steps above corruption requires strong leadership (strong leadership). It is impossible Palace, Sandalwood, Guns and employers Dragons can be touched, can not be the epicenter of corruption in amputation, without the baton transformed into a scalpel corruption by leaders of this nation itself.

Tenth, finally, all steps must be followed to develop the practice of zero tollerance to corruption.

That's ten steps to eradicate corruption is remarkable, that requires leaders and people of Indonesia is remarkable for consistently apply it.


Tips to overcome sleepiness while driving


One of the most fatal traffic accidents are due to drowsiness in the street. Boredom will haunt your mind for driving alone. Often without us knowing it, so many accidents on the highway, whether a single accident or hit streak. The main factor was a car accident or a sleepy driver stamina and condition that does not fit while driving.
Some tips to keep fresh body condition while driving are:

    Wash your face first, because it can make you become more fresh than the job that makes you tired.
    Warm up before leaving. And do not forget to also relaxes tense muscles.
    Eat and drink in moderation before driving, do not drink alcohol or drink that is stimulating adrenaline.
    Begin your journey with a prayer first.
    If you drive your vehicle alone, should not be too much daydreaming or thinking about something that is not important. It helps you concentrate and focus on the road that you take. Obviously this was done to avoid the accident.
    Ready to drink enough water, if necessary, prepare a small meal.
    Do not wear a belt (if using) too tight, thus, breathing is not impaired.
    If all of the above activities can not be reduced to make your sleepy, immediately stop in a safe place. For example, in the diner or coffee shop. Even better if you wash your face again.
    If you stop at the coffee shop does not hurt to take a little hot coffee to relieve drowsiness.
    People who drive cars or motorcycles often feel sleepy on the road. When they attacked drowsiness, they are usually resting or drinking a cup of coffee with caffeine to relieve kantuk.Yang be done to kill the sleep, do both. And not just the one that was done as deduced from a study written by Anahad O'Connor, as quoted by The New York Times.Biasanya, experts advise people to stay away from that coffee and other stimulants before driving because caffeine is considered disturbing sleep.

    Research on a sleepy driver solved by comparing drowsy motorists who rested sleep and rest groups with a cup of coffee.

    The researchers found that sleeping for 15-30 minutes can improve alertness and driving skills. Many studies suggest people to combat sleepiness by drinking coffee.

    However, from a series of studies, researchers in England found that drinking coffee and then followed by sleeping for 15 minutes is the most effective way to combat sleepiness.

    The researchers tested a sleepy driver in a simulator. They found that the combination of coffee drinking and sleeping for 15 minutes can improve the ability of the rider and reduces sleepiness better than commonly used techniques - such as the air cools, nap, rest without sleeping, taking 200 mg of coffee makers.

    This method is believed effective as sleeping for 15 minutes helps clear the brain of the content of adenosine. Meanwhile, the caffeine takes about 20 minutes to influence psychologically. The impact is like a slap to wake from sleep.

    When you feel sleepy when driving, take a cup of coffee and go to sleep for 15 minutes, because it is an effective way to beat sleepiness experienced riders.
     Continue your journey if drowsiness is completely gone.

Jumat, 29 Maret 2013




How to make Fresh Strawberry Pudding Marble Cheese


Pudding is perfect for food lovers indulge tongue, the texture is chewy-chewy soft is suitable for fresh dishes when the weather is hot. But if you want a small party dala served in the family. Well variation pudding to be made this time is strawberry cheese pudding. Penasan how to make it, see deh recipe How to Make Fresh Strawberry Pudding Marble Chesee below.

Ingredients:

750 ml of liquid milk
200 grams of cream cheese / cheese
1 1/2 packs of powdered gelatin
125 grams of sugar
2 egg yolks
25 grams of sweetened condensed milk white
200 grams heavy cream
175 grams butter 150 grams of strawberries strawberries cut into small, stir

Additional Materials:

200 grams whipped cream
200 grams of fresh strawberries
25 grams of strawberry jam and 1 tablespoon water, dissolved

How to make Fresh Strawberry Pudding Marble Cheese:

Boil milk and cream cheese until dissolved and evenly. Add gelatin powder, and sugar, stirring until boiling and smooth. Turn off heat.
Take a little dough. Add the egg yolks. Stir until blended. Pour the custard back into the stew. Stir well again. Light the fire. Cook, stirring until boiling and smooth. Enter the sweetened condensed milk and heavy cream. Stir well. Add strawberry mixture. Stir once. To form tinge.
Pour a little batter in small plastic cups. Allow to cool.
Spray the whipped cream over the surface of the pudding in a glass. Garnish with strawberry (or other decoration materials can be added according to taste). Chill.



Kamis, 28 Maret 2013

Kerjasama Internasional



KERJASAMA INTERNASIONAL

Kerja sama internasional adalah bentuk hubungan yang dilakukan oleh suatu negara dengan negara lain yang bertujuan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan rakyat dan untuk kepentingan negara-negara di dunia. Kerja sama internasional, yang meliputi kerja sama di bidang politik, sosial, pertahanan keamanan, kebudayaan, dan ekonomi, berpedoman pada politik luar negeri masing-masing.

Sekarang, hampir tidak ada negara yang tidak melakukan kerja sama ekonomi dengan negara lain. Tiap negara saling membutuhkan, baik untuk tujuan per- dagangan, pertukaran sarana dan prasarana produksi, maupun utang-piutang. Negara-negara maju memerlukan bahan baku dan kekayaan tlam dari negara-negara berkembang. Negara-negara berkembang membutuhkan mesin-mesin dan peralatan, modal, dan teknologi dari negara-negara maju. Untuk itulah perlu dilakukan kerja sama ekonomi

BENTUK-BENTUK KERJA SAMA EKONOMI INTERNASIONAL

Tidak ada negara yang dapat memenuhi segala kebutuhan penduduknya sendiri. Untuk itu tiap negara perlu melakukan kerja sama dengan negara lain. Dalam rangka peningkatan kerja sama ekonomi internasional, badan- badan kerja sama ekonomi internasional pun dibentuk. Kerja sama ekonomi internasional bisa berbentuk bilateral, regional, dan multilateral.
Kerja Sama Ekonomi Bilateral
Kerja sama ekonomi bilateral adalah kerja sama ekonomi antara satu negara dan negara lain tertentu. Misalnya, kerja sama antara Indonesia dan Jepang, atau kerja sama antara Indonesia dan Amerika Serikat. Dari kedua contoh tersebut jelas bahwa kerja sama ekonomi bilateral adalah kerja sama ekonomi yang hanya melibatkan dua negara.

Kerja Sama Ekonomi Regional

Kerja sama ekonomi regional adalah kerja sama ekonomi antara beberapa negara yang terletak pada satu kawasan. Beberapa badan kerja sama ekonomi regional yang paling penting adalah sebagai berikut: ASEAN merupakan organisasi regional yang bersifat bebas dalam hal keanggotaannya. Sifat keanggotaan sepenuhnya berdasarkan kesadaran dan sukarela dari masing-masing negara. Kedudukan setiap negara anggota sederajat. Masing-masing anggota tetap berdaulat penuh serta tetap memegang identitas dan ciri khas masing- masing negara.

LEMBAGA KERJASAMA EKONOMI INTERNASIONAL

Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN)

ASEAN adalah perhimpunan bangsa-bangsa yang berada di kawasan Asia Tenggara,didirikan pada tanggal 8 Agustus 1967 di Bangkok Thailand. Asean terdiri dari negara Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Filipina, Singapura, Brunai Darussalam, Kamboja, Laos, Myanmar, dan Vietnam. Tujuannya menyelenggarakan kerjasama dibidang ekonomi, sosial dan kebudayaan antara sesama anggota ASEAN.

MEE Masyarakat Ekonomi Eropa (MEE)
Masyarakat Ekonomi Eropa (MEE) atau European Economic Community (EEC) didirikan pada tahun 1957 berdasarkan perjanjian antarnegara Eropa Barat di Roma Italia. Tujuannya adalah menyusun dan melaksanakan politik perdagangan bersama dan mendirikan daerah perdagangan bebas di Eropa. Selain itu, MEE juga mengadakan kerja sama dibidang perdagangan dengan negara-negara Asean termasuk Indonesia. Saat ini MEE sudah meningkatkan derajat kerjasamanya menjadi Uni Eropa (European Union)

APEC Asian Pacifik Economic Coorporation (APEC)
APEC merupakan organisasi kerjasama regional di kawasan Asia-Pasifik yang beranggotakan 18 negara. Didirikan pada tahun 1989. Tujuannya melakukan liberalisasi perdagangan dan investasi, serta meningkatkan permanfaatan sumber daya alam dan kualitas sumber daya manusia untuk meningkatkan pembangunan dan pertumbuhan ekonomi di kawasan Asia-Pasifik.

IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) atau World Bank

World Bank adalah badan internasional yang bergerak dalam bidang perbankan untuk pembangunan dan kemajuan negara-negara brkembang. Didirikan pada tanggal 17 Desember 1945 bertujuan memberikan bantuan, baik yang brsifat jangka panjang maupun jangka pendek kepada negara-negara yang sedang membangun.

OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
OPEC merupakan organisasi negara-negara pengekspor minyak, didirikan pada bulan september 1960. Tujuannya menghindarkan persaingan diantara negara pengekspor minyak bumi, mengatur pemasaran minyak bumi dan menetapkan harga yang seragam dan mengusahakan pemenuhan kebutuhan dunia akan minyak bumi.

IMF International Monetary Fund (IMF)
IMF adalah organisasi dunia yang bergerak dalam bidang keuangan internasional. Didirikan pada tanggal 27 September 1945 dengan tujuan untuk mencapai stabilitas keuangan di berbagai dunia dan mendorong kerjasama internasional di bidang ekonomi keuangan.

UNDP United Nations Development Program (UNDP)
UNDP adalah badan PBB yang melakukan kegiatan pada program pembangunan di negara-negara berkembang. Tujuannya adalah memberikan sumbangan untuk membiayai program pembangunan, seperti survei pembuatan dan pembangunan jalan di Indonesia.

CGI Consultative Group for Indonesia (CGI)
CGI dibentuk oleh Bank Dunia atas permintaan pemerintah Indonesia dan lembaga-lembaga internasional yang sebagian besar merupakan mantan anggota Inter Gouvermental Group on Indonesia (IGGI). Tujuannya adalah memberi bantuan kredit lunak untuk pembangunan kepada Indonesia.

WTO World Trade Organization (WTO)
Lembaga ini merupakan perkembangan dari GATT (General Agreement Tariff on Trade) yang berdiri sejak 1947. WTO didirikan untuk mengatur arus perdagangan dan menghindari adanya negara-negara yang merasa dirugikan dari perdagangan tersebut. Seperti adanya penerapan politik dumping.

ILO International Labour Organization (ILO)

ILO adalah organisasi internasional yang bergerak dalam bidang perburuhan, didirikan pada tanggal 11 April 1991. Tujuannya adalah mencapai perdamaian abadi dengan terciptanya keadilan sosial, meningkatkan perbaikan nasib kaum buruh dan keluarganya dan menciptakan stabilisasi dibidang ekkonomi dan sosial.

FAO Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO)

FAO adalah organisasi dunia yang melakukan kegiatan serta mengusahakan bahan makanan dan hasil-hasil pertanian. Didirikan pada tanggal 16 Oktober 1945. Tujuannya adalah memajukan dan meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas bahan makanan di seluruh dunia, dan meningkatkan dan memajukan hasil pertanian, peternakan, perikanan, kehutanan, irigasi dll.

Dampak Kerja Sama Ekonomi Internasional Bagi Indonesia

Indonesia sedang melakasanakan pembangunan ekonomi untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat.Dalam melaksanakan pembangunan ekonomi tersebut,Indonesia memerlukan bantuan dari negara-negara maju.Bantuan yang datang dari negara maju dapat berupa modal,teknologi,sumber-sumber produksi yang tidak dimiliki oleh Indonesia,maupun tenaga ahli.
Hubungan ekonomi yang dilakukan Indonesia dengan negara lain sangat luas.Ada yang berbentuk kerja sama ekonomi,baik yang bersifat regional maupun internasional,ada yang dibawah naungan PBB maupun tidak.
Kerja sama ekonomi internasional memiliki beberapa dampak bagi negara yang melakukan.Bagi Indonesia,dampak yang diterima dengan adanya kerja sama internasional di antaranya sebagai berikut.
a. Lapangan pekerjaan menjadi semakin luas.Ini terjadi karena dengan adanya kerja sama ekonomi internasional dapat membuka proyek-proyek baru.
b. Negara mendapatkan pajak dari perusahaan asing yang menanamkan modalnya di Indonesia.
c. Indonesia dapat memperoleh tranfer teknologi dar negara yang menanamkan modalnya di Indonesia.
d. Dengan masuknya teknologi modern dari luar,Indonesia dapat mningkatkan efisiensi dalam melakukan produksi suatu barang sehingga harga tersebut dapat menjadi murah.
e. Jika Indonesia dapat memproduksi barang-barang yang semula di impor(karena ada kerja sama ekonomi dengan negara maju),Indonesia dapat menghemat devisa.

HAL-HAL YANG MENYEBABKAN TIMBULNYA KERJASAMA ANTARNEGARA:
a.    Terbatasnya kemampuan suatu negara dalam memproduksi barang dan jasa untuk memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakatnya yang tidak terbatas.
b.    Adanya perbedaan kondisi geografis, sosial ekonomi, dan ilmu pengetahuan masing-masing negara.
c.    Perbedaan faktor produksi yang dimiliki oleh masing-masing negara.